Aksumite eraDAI GDN 2002-20

Abraha’s dam construction

Abraha records the construction, dimensions, and completion of a structure at the Great Dam of Maʾrib.

Date
548 CE
Place
Maʾrib, Yemen
Language
Late Sabaic
Script
Ancient South Arabian

01 · Original text

Late Sabaic

Ancient South ArabianComplete surviving text

𐩨-𐩭𐩺𐩡 𐩥-𐩬(𐩮)[𐩧]
𐩥-𐩧𐩵𐩱 𐩧𐩢𐩣𐩬𐩬
𐩣𐩧𐩱 𐩪𐩣𐩺𐩬
𐩥-𐩣𐩪𐩢-𐩠(𐩥)
(𐩠)𐩤𐩢 𐩣𐩡𐩫—
𐩬 𐩱𐩨(𐩧)𐩠 𐩸-(𐩨)-
(𐩺𐩣)𐩬((𐩸𐩨𐩺𐩣𐩬)) 𐩣𐩡𐩫 𐩪—
[𐩨𐩱] 𐩥-𐩹-(𐩧𐩺𐩵𐩬)
[𐩥-𐩢](𐩳)𐩧𐩣𐩥𐩩 𐩥-
[𐩺𐩣𐩬]𐩩 𐩥-𐩱𐩲𐩧—
[𐩨-𐩠]𐩣𐩥 𐩷𐩥𐩵—
[𐩣 𐩥]-(𐩩)𐩠<𐩣>𐩩 𐩲𐩥—
[𐩵𐩬 𐩨-]𐩤𐩵𐩣 𐩣𐩤𐩢
[𐩦𐩧𐩢𐩨]𐩱𐩡 𐩺𐩲𐩰—
[𐩧 𐩥-𐩠]𐩤𐩢-𐩠𐩥 𐩨—
𐩬 𐩣𐩥𐩻𐩧-𐩠𐩥 𐩼𐩥—
→[𐩧](𐩬) 𐩲𐩵(𐩺 𐩱𐩧𐩱𐩪)-
𐩠𐩥 𐩱𐩢𐩵 𐩥-𐩱𐩧—
𐩨𐩲𐩺 𐩱𐩣𐩣 𐩥-𐩷𐩥—
𐩡𐩣 𐩪-𐩹𐩠𐩨𐩬 𐩥—
𐩧𐩵𐩣 𐩭𐩣𐩪𐩩 𐩥-𐩱—
𐩧𐩨𐩲𐩺 𐩱𐩣𐩣 𐩥-𐩱𐩧—
𐩨𐩲𐩩 𐩲𐩦𐩧 𐩱𐩣𐩣 𐩧—
𐩢𐩨𐩣 𐩥-𐩠𐩥𐩻𐩧-𐩠𐩥
𐩨-𐩤𐩵(𐩣) 𐩥𐩧𐩭𐩬 𐩹-
𐩢𐩡𐩩𐩬 𐩹-𐩡-𐩻𐩣𐩬𐩩
𐩥-𐩠𐩦𐩤𐩧-𐩠𐩥 𐩨-𐩲—
𐩹𐩧-𐩠𐩥 𐩣𐩨𐩧𐩱𐩣
𐩨-𐩴𐩧𐩨𐩣 𐩥-𐩴𐩺𐩧𐩣
𐩣𐩨𐩧𐩱𐩣 (𐩹)-(𐩠)𐩤—
𐩣 𐩥-𐩫-𐩫𐩡 𐩩𐩡—
𐩥𐩬 𐩣𐩯𐩬𐩵-𐩠—
𐩣𐩥 𐩥-𐩣𐩤𐩢-𐩠𐩣—
→[𐩥] 𐩨-[... ...]
𐩨-𐩲𐩧𐩬 𐩥-𐩤𐩵𐩣
𐩣𐩲𐩤𐩣[𐩬] 𐩥𐩧𐩭-
𐩠𐩥 𐩹-𐩢𐩡𐩩𐩬
𐩱𐩭(𐩧)[𐩬] 𐩹-𐩡-(𐩻)—
𐩣𐩬𐩩 𐩥-𐩭[𐩣𐩪]—
𐩺 𐩥-𐩪𐩻 𐩣𐩱(𐩩)—
𐩣

Normalized Unicode reading from the cited edition; editorial brackets and uncertain readings are retained.

Scholarly transliteration

b-ḫyl w-n(ṣ)[r] w-rdʾ Rḥmnn mrʾ s¹myn w-ms¹ḥ-h(w) (h)qḥ mlk— n ʾb(r)h z-(b)- (Ym)n((Zbymn)) mlk S¹— [bʾ] w-ḏ-(Rydn) [w-Ḥ](ḍ)rmwt w- [Ymn]t w-ʾʿr— [b-h]mw Ṭwd— [m w]-(T)h<m>t ʿw— [dn b-]qdm mqḥ [S²rḥb]ʾl Yʿf— [r w-h]qḥ-hw b— n mwṯr-hw ẓw— →[r](n) ʿd(y ʾrʾs¹)- hw ʾḥd w-ʾr— bʿy ʾmm w-ṭw— lm s¹-ḏhbn w— rdm ḫms¹t w-ʾ— rbʿy ʾmm w-ʾr— bʿt ʿs²r ʾmm r— ḥbm w-hwṯr-hw b-qd(m) wrḫn ḏ- Ḥltn ḏ-l-ṯmnt w-hs²qr-hw b-ʿ— ḏr-hw mbrʾm b-grbm w-gyrm mbrʾm (ḏ)-(h)q— m w-k-kl tl— wn ms³nd-h— mw w-mqḥ-hm— →[w] b-[... ...] b-ʿrn w-qdm mʿqm[n] wrḫ- hw ḏ-Ḥltn ʾḫ(r)[n] ḏ-l-(ṯ)— mnt w-ḫ[ms¹]— y w-s¹ṯ mʾ(t)— m

02 · Translation

English reading

1–26

With the power and the help and the support of Rḥmnn, the lord of heaven and of his Anointed One, he has built the king ʾbrh, who is in Yemen, the king of Sabaʾ and ḏū-Raydān and Ḥaḍramawt and Ymnt and their bedouins in the highlands and the lowlands, the ʿwdn in front of the building construction of S²rḥbʾl Yʿfr. And he built it from its foundation, (that is to say) the bedrock, up to its highest parts, forty-one cubits (high). And the length which extends in the direction of the wadi is forty-five cubits. And fourteen cubits is the width. And he carried out the work on its foundation before the month ḏ-Ḥltn in the year eight.

27–41

And he has erected it with his followers as a building construction in dressed stone and plaster, a building construction which he completed. And the whole completion of their inscription and their building work on [the dam and (?)] on the bed rock and in front of the outlet was in the month ḏ-Ḥltn the Latter in the year six hundred and fifty-eight.

DASI / CSAI, Nebes 2004 b; line breaks joined and evident spelling errors corrected. Record data: CC BY 4.0.

Sources

Editions & references

Follow the record back to the edition, catalogue, or image source used here.

  1. DAI GDN 2002-20 Sadd Maʾrib 4

    DAI GDN 2002-20 Sadd Maʾrib 4. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.

  2. Aksum and South Arabia

    George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.

Habesha History corpus

Fabienne Dugast and Iwona Gajda, Reconsidering contacts between southern Arabia and the highlands of Tigrai in the 1st millennium BC according to epigraphic data (2012), p. 3