418 inscriptions

Inscriptions

DʿMT and Aksumite texts in their attested scripts, with published translations and exact sources.

RIÉ 189ʿEzana’s Noba campaignAksum, Ethiopia

Catalogue

418 inscriptions in chronological order

Showing 121–144

RIÉ 123

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 123Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Preserved personal name. The name is well attested in South Arabia.

BRRM

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 124

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 124Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Published translation. The father’s name is local and of uncertain etymology.

GBRN bn WDGL[Yʾ]

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 125

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 125Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Preserved personal name. The name is discussed under RIÉ 90.

GBRN

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 126

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 126Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Preserved personal name. The name is discussed under RIÉ 90.

GBRN

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 127

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 127Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Preserved personal name. The etymology is uncertain; the same name occurs in RIÉ 95, 124, and 128.

WDGLY

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 128

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 128Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Published translation with restored patronymic. The father’s name is restored from RIÉ 95.

WDGLY bn Mʿ[DʾL]

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 129

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 129Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Published translation of a fragmentary text. The first name’s completion is uncertain and the remaining names are too fragmentary for etymological interpretation.

ʿSB[…] bn KR[…] / […]ʿNN

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 130

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 130Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Published translation. The same text occurs in RIÉ 89.

WKLʾL bn GʿSY

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 133

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 133Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Conditional interpretation of line 1. The reading depends on treating the initial aleph as a symbol; line 2 is uninterpreted.

YNK bn DMʿN (?)

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 134

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 134Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Single recognizable word. Only the kinship term bn is recognized.

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 135

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 135Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainZeban Mororo

Inscription from Zeban Mororo

Published translation. ʿWB is identified as a local divinity.

ʾNʿN bn WHBM / l-ḥyw ʿWB

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 136

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 136Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Preserved personal name. The cited Arabic derivations, ‘bind’ or ‘gift,’ are proposals rather than a settled gloss.

SFDN

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 137

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 137Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Alternative readings of a personal name. Both the reading and etymology are uncertain.

HNYR / RYNH

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 138

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 138Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Possible personal-name fragment. The edition compares YLM elsewhere, but the surviving reading here is incomplete.

YL[M] (?)

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 139

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 139Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Preserved but not fully certain personal name. The name is probably South Arabian in origin, but the reading and etymology are not fully certain.

ʾNʿTH

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 140

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 140Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Preserved personal name. The same name appears in the preceding entry.

ʾNʿTH

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 141

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 141Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Published translation. SFḤN is probably a local personal name despite its South Arabian ending.

SFḤN / ʾBʾBD

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 143

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 143Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Published translation. Both names may be local. Several verbal glosses are discussed for MRḤK, including ‘he protected you’ and ‘he guided you,’ but none is certain.

TWMN bn MRḤK

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 144

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 144Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Published translation of Text I. GRWHTN is considered a local name of uncertain etymology; Text II is too fragmentary to identify its name.

[…] bn GRWHTN

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 145

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 145Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Preserved personal name. Several South Arabian and Ethiopian lexical comparisons are discussed without a definitive gloss.

DBY

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 146

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 146Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Published translation. ḤBS is considered South Arabian in origin; WHBM also occurs in RIÉ 135.

ḤBS bn WHBM

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 147

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 147Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Preserved personal name. The name is also attested in South Arabia.

ḤBM

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 149

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 149Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Recognizable remains of a formula. Only remnants of the formula are preserved.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

Early highland inscriptionRead text

RIÉ 150

No verified photograph or facsimile of this artifact has been retrieved.

RIÉ 150Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertainGobo Fentseh

Inscription from Gobo Fentseh

Preserved personal name. The name probably derives from the same root as ḤQN in RIÉ 107.

ḤQM

Early highland inscriptionRead text

Source register

RIÉ 1–443, with separately numbered text versions, supplements, and Arabian witnesses from the checked corpus and DASI. Dates and uncertain identifications follow the cited editions; missing texts, translations, and images are recorded below.

1–60 of 512 entries. Copies and language versions retain their own references.

DʿMT & early highlands60

RIÉ 1
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Amda Tsyon (Seglamen/Aksum area), Ethiopia; loose farmer-found slab now at Aksum · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8043.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 1’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 2
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Abba Pantaleon monastery, Aksum, Ethiopia; reused in church façade, original provenance unknown · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8044.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 2’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 3
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; fragment now at Aksum · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8102.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 3’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 4
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8045.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 4’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 5 A
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; reused in church wall · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8354.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 5 A’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 5 B
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; reused in church wall · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The name DʿMT is restored by the editor; it is not independently preserved.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8359.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 5 B’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 6
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8046.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 6’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 7
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia; altar now in the National Archaeological Museum, Addis Ababa · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8242.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 7’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 8
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Gelemo, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; portable object from a mixed cache · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8324.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 8’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 9
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · ʿAddi ʾAkawǝḥ, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; preserved at Abba Garima church · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8195.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 9’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 10
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · ʿAddi ʾAkawǝḥ, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; preserved at Abba Garima church · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 4 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8355.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 10’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 11
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Kaskase/Keskese, Senafe area, Eritrea; in-situ architectural column · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8320.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 11’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 12
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Kaskase/Keskese, Senafe area, Eritrea; in-situ architectural column · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8246.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 12’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 13
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Unknown (Ethiopia), Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8337.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 13’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 14
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8382.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 14’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 15
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8047.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 15’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 16
Pre-Aksumite; absolute date not supplied by DASI · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
No continuous semantic translation is possible from the surviving fragment; the reader explains the limit.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8048.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 16’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 17
Pre-Aksumite; absolute date not supplied by DASI · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
No continuous semantic translation is possible from the surviving fragment; the reader explains the limit.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8049.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 17’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 18
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8360.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 18’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 19
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8377.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 19’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 20
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8505.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 20’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 21
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
No continuous semantic translation is possible from the surviving fragment; the reader explains the limit.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8506.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 21’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 22
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8501.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 22’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 23
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8508.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 23’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 24
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8515.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 24’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 25
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8362.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 25’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 26
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8502.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 26’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 27
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8503.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 27’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 28
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8539.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 28’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 29
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8540.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 29’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 30
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8542.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 30’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 31
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8544.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 31’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 32
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Gobochela · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uninterpreted inscription on a bull. The edition cannot establish the relationships between the words. A possible divine name on the foreleg does not yield a continuous translation.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 32: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 32, pp. 63.
RIÉ 33 A
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9078.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 33 A’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 33 B
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9079.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 33 B’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 34
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8551.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 34’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 35
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8554.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 35’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 36
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9099.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 36’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.
RIÉ 37
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8556.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 37’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 38
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Surviving fragment, partly interpreted. The beginning is lost. The readings and meanings of the intervening words are uncertain; the final protective formula is translated by the edition.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
English rendering of the published translation or lexical commentary.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 38: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 38, pp. 72–73.
RIÉ 39
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8550.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 39’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 40
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uncertain fragment. The once-proposed reading “his house AUM” relies on a disputed restoration. The edition favours bwm over ʾwm and does not establish a continuous translation.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 40: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 40, pp. 74–77.
RIÉ 41
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8978.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 41’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 42
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8979.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 42’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 43
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Possible monogram. Several personal-name readings have been proposed, including BKM, BKLM and KLBM. The copy does not establish a unique reading.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 43: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 43, pp. 78–79.
RIÉ 44
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uninterpreted inscription. The edition offers no interpretation.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 44: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 44, pp. 79.
RIÉ 45
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Possible mason’s mark. The edition tentatively identifies a mason’s mark; no linguistic translation is given.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 45: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 45, pp. 79.
RIÉ 46
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8720.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 46’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 47
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Surviving text, partly interpreted. mṭry designates the altar but its precise meaning is uncertain. The final sequence ws nsb tyw remains uninterpreted; “projection” describes the stone surface.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
English rendering of the published translation or lexical commentary.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 47: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 47, pp. 80–81.
RIÉ 48
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uninterpreted incense-burner inscription. The edition rejects the older translation “altar for bloody sacrifices to Sīn”; both reading and interpretation remain uncertain.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 48: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 48, pp. 81.
RIÉ 49
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Probable mason’s mark. No linguistic translation is given.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 49: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 49, pp. 82.
RIÉ 50
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Probable mason’s mark. No linguistic translation is given.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 50: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 50, pp. 82.
RIÉ 51
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Samrē, Mekele, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9237.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 51’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.
RIÉ 52
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Gelemo, Wuqro, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9211.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 52’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.
RIÉ 53 A
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9240.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 53 A’, DASI, first published 2013-10-01.
RIÉ 53 B
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9241.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 53 B’, DASI, first published 2013-10-01.
RIÉ 53 C
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9242.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 53 C’, DASI, first published 2015-05-03.
RIÉ 54
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9243.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 54’, DASI, first published 2015-07-12.
RIÉ 55
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Matara, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8964.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 55’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 56
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Matara, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9246.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 56’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.

Catalogue

RIÉ 32

RIÉ 40

RIÉ 43

RIÉ 44

RIÉ 45

RIÉ 48

RIÉ 49

RIÉ 50