418 inscriptions
DʿMT and Aksumite texts in their attested scripts, with published translations and exact sources.
243 inscriptions in chronological order
DAE IV no. 91, printed p. 74; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 436.RIÉ 436Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
ʾana S-nuy waqaro
DAE IV no. 92, printed p. 74; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 437.RIÉ 437Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
Saʿum … yakfat (?)
DAE IV no. 93, printed p. 74; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 438.RIÉ 438Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
Simon
DAE IV no. 94, printed p. 74; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 439.RIÉ 439Aksumite corpus; date uncertainsurroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
ʾZB ʾana; Bāzenay ʾ-y-
DAE IV no. 95, printed p. 74; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 440.RIÉ 440Aksumite corpus; date uncertainsurroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
Saʿum ʾana
DAE IV no. 97, printed p. 75; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 441.RIÉ 441Aksumite corpus; date uncertainsurroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
SMR
DAE IV no. 98, printed p. 75; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 442.RIÉ 442Aksumite corpus; date uncertainsurroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
Naʿawe ʾ-y-
DAE IV no. 99, printed p. 75; facsimile corresponding to RIÉ 443.RIÉ 443Aksumite corpus; date uncertainsurroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region
This monogram from surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region preserves surviving short text or mark.
dam-s- ʾana (?)
No exact artifact photograph has yet been acquired for public display.
Fiaccadori 2007fifth or sixth century CEGumalē, near Aksum, Ethiopia
A Greek Christian epitaph records the burial of a child named Kyriakos and preserves his age as ten years plus a lost number of months.
✝ Ἐνθάδε κεῖτε Κυρι- ακὸς ζήσ- ας ἤτῃ ι μ- [ῆν(ας)] […]
The cited edition contains a plate of this inscription; no image is available here.
RIÉ 191early sixth century CEAksum, Ethiopia
Kaleb’s Geʿez inscription in South Arabian script recounts African campaigns, an expedition toward Himyar, and the foundation of a Christian sanctuary.
𐩱𐩴𐩸𐩱𐩨𐩢𐩧 𐩭𐩺𐩡 𐩥-𐩮𐩬𐩲 𐩱𐩴𐩸𐩱𐩨𐩢𐩧 𐩭𐩺𐩡 𐩥𐩪𐩩 𐩳𐩨𐩱 […] 𐩬𐩴𐩦 𐩱𐩫𐩪𐩣 𐩥-𐩢𐩣𐩧 𐩥-𐩸-𐩧𐩺𐩵𐩬 𐩥-𐩪𐩨𐩱 𐩥-𐩪𐩡𐩢𐩬 𐩥-𐩷𐩵𐩣 𐩥-𐩸-𐩺𐩣𐩬𐩩 𐩥-𐩩𐩠𐩣𐩩 𐩥-𐩢𐩳𐩧𐩣𐩥𐩩 𐩥-𐩫𐩡 𐩲𐩧𐩨𐩣 𐩥-𐩸-𐩨𐩴 𐩥-𐩬𐩨 𐩥-𐩸-𐩫𐩪 𐩥-𐩮𐩺𐩣 𐩥-𐩸-𐩵𐩧𐩨𐩩
The cited edition contains a plate of this inscription; no image is available here.
RIÉ 192early sixth century CEAksum, Ethiopia
King WʿZB invokes the Trinity and describes his campaign against the WYTL, royal succession, captives, booty, and a dedicatory conclusion.
Native-script transcription is not available here.
Ja 1028Ja 1028523 CEBiʾr Ḥimā, Saudi Arabia
A commander of Yūsuf Asʾar Yathʾar records the destruction of churches and conflict with Abyssinian forces.
𐩡-𐩺𐩨𐩧𐩫𐩬 𐩱𐩡𐩬 𐩹-𐩡-𐩠𐩥 𐩪𐩣𐩺𐩬 𐩥-𐩱𐩧𐩳𐩬 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩺𐩥𐩪𐩰 𐩱𐩪𐩱𐩧 𐩺𐩻𐩱𐩧 𐩣𐩡𐩫 𐩫𐩡 𐩱𐩦𐩲𐩨𐩬 𐩥-𐩡-𐩺𐩨𐩧𐩫𐩬 𐩱𐩤𐩥𐩡𐩬
Ry 507Ry 507523 CEBiʾr Ḥimā, Saudi Arabia
A damaged campaign text recounts attacks at Ẓafār and Makhāwān and operations toward Najrān.
𐩡-𐩺𐩨𐩧𐩫𐩬 𐩱𐩡𐩠𐩬 𐩹-𐩡-𐩠𐩥 𐩪[𐩣𐩺𐩬 𐩥-𐩱𐩧𐩳𐩬 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩺𐩪𐩰 𐩱𐩪𐩱𐩧 𐩺𐩻𐩱𐩧 𐩣𐩡𐩫 𐩫𐩡] 𐩱𐩦𐩲𐩨𐩬 [𐩥-𐩡-𐩺𐩨𐩧𐩫]𐩬 𐩱𐩤𐩡-𐩠𐩣𐩥 𐩥-𐩣𐩧𐩱𐩪-𐩠𐩣𐩥
Ry 508Ry 508523 CEʿān-Halkān, Saudi Arabia
A Ḥimyarite commander’s account of attacks on Abyssinians and churches, and preparations at Mandab and Najrān.
𐩤𐩺𐩡𐩬 𐩦𐩧𐩢𐩱𐩡 𐩺𐩤𐩨𐩡 𐩨𐩬 𐩦𐩧𐩢𐩨𐩱𐩡 𐩺𐩫𐩣𐩡 𐩨𐩬𐩥 𐩺𐩸𐩱𐩬 𐩥-𐩴𐩵𐩬𐩣 𐩥-𐩢𐩨𐩣 𐩥-𐩬𐩪𐩱𐩬 𐩥-𐩶𐩨𐩱
CIH 621CIH 621530 CEBiʾr ʿAlī, Yemen
Sumyafaʿ Ashwaʿ and his sons record repairs to a fortress after returning from Ḥabašat and an Abyssinian invasion of Ḥimyar.
𐩪𐩣𐩺𐩰𐩲 𐩱𐩦𐩥𐩲 𐩥-𐩨𐩬𐩺-𐩠𐩥 𐩦𐩧𐩢𐩨𐩱𐩡 𐩺𐩫𐩣𐩡 𐩥-𐩣𐩲𐩵𐩫𐩧𐩨 𐩺𐩲𐩰𐩧 𐩨𐩬𐩺 𐩡𐩢𐩺𐩲𐩩 |
Ist 7608 bisIst 7608 bisc. 530s CEḌāf, Yemen
A Christian royal fragment names Sumyafaʿ Ashwaʿ, the rulers of Aksum, and Ella Aṣbeḥa. Its relationship to Wellcome A 103664 is uncertain.
[... ... 𐩥-𐩣𐩬]𐩰𐩪 𐩤𐩵𐩪 𐩪𐩣𐩺𐩰𐩲 𐩱𐩦𐩥𐩲 𐩣𐩡𐩫 𐩪[𐩨𐩱 ... ...]
RIÉ 195RIÉ 195about 530 CEMaʾrib, Yemen
Two fragmentary Geʿez slabs preserve an Aksumite account of a Red Sea crossing, fighting, captives, a Himyarite king, and the burning of the palace of Sabaʾ.
…ወተ…፡ …፡ ወያዓቢየከ፡ …፡ …ዶኩ፡ መርሰ፡ ዘስሙ፡ …፡ …ለ፡ ምስለ፡ አሕዛቢ…፡ …፡ ከመ፡ ይቤ፡ መዝሙር፡ ይትነሣእ፡ …፡ …፡ ጸላእቱ፡ እምቅድመ፡ ገጹ፡ …፡ …፡ ወፄውዎ፡ ወበርበረ…፡ …ሰደደ፡ አሕዛበ፡ እምቅድመ፡ …፡ …ቤትኩ፡ ውስተ፡ ሐመር፡ …፡ …ታ፡ ሐይቃ፡ ዘመጠወኒ፡ እግዚአ፡ ብሔር፡ …፡ …መራን፡ ወመንፈቁ፡ አሕዛብየ፡ …፡ …፡ መንፈቁ፡ አሕዛብየ፡ ወረደ፡ እንተ፡ ቀርጸ፡ …፡ …መንፈቁ፡ አሕዛብየ፡ ወረደ፡ …፡
Wellcome A 103664Wellcome A 1036646th century CEUnknown, Unknown
A fragmentary Christian inscription mentions Aksum and Abyssinian forces at Ṣanʿāʾ; it may belong to the same text as Ist 7608 bis.
[... ...]𐩣 𐩥𐩦𐩧[... ...]
RIÉ 263RIÉ 263sixth century CEẒafār, Yemen
A nine-line Geʿez fragment from Himyar preserves isolated phrases from an Aksumite report; no continuous sentence survives.
1 … [word dividers] … 2 … nə wa-ʾābəḥ … 3 … [hāy]mānota ʾab … 4 … ʾangabenāy la … 5 … [K]rəstos yəma[wwəʾ] … 6 … qa ba-ṣərʾ ba-sa[lām] … 7 … nāwi wa-baṣaḥku … 8 … [waʿa]lku samuna ʿəla[ta] … 9 … yəśśənu śa …
RIÉ 264RIÉ 264sixth century CEẒafār, Yemen
A five-line Geʿez fragment from Himyar mentions Ethiopians and sanctuaries, but the surviving phrases do not form a continuous narrative.
1 … [ʾa]gʿāzə[yān] … 2 … [ma]kʷrābāta … 3 … na ḥaba … 4 … ʾada … 5 … qata(la)/qata(l)[ku] …
Ẓafār 08-077Ẓafār 08-077after 525 CEẒafār, Yemen
A vocalized-Geʿez fragment from the Himyarite capital probably belongs to an Aksumite report mentioning a church, tribute, Mary, and death.
1 … b.m … 2 … [śa]rāʿkəwwo … 3 … (ʾə)nta ḥanaṣ[ku] … 4 … [ba](na)ṣu beta krə[stiyān] … 5 … [ʾa]nbaru ṣabbḥ[ta] … 6 … śu wa-zaka[ru] … 7 … [Mā](r)yām wa- … 8 … mota …
CIH 541CIH 541548 CEMaʾrib, Yemen
Abraha’s long royal inscription records a revolt, dam repairs, a church dedication, and embassies from neighbouring powers.
𐩨-𐩭𐩺𐩡 𐩥-[𐩧]𐩵𐩱 𐩥-𐩧𐩢—
DAI GDN 2002-20 · faces A and BDAI GDN 2002-20548 CEMaʾrib, Yemen
Abraha records the construction, dimensions, and completion of a structure at the Great Dam of Maʾrib.
𐩨-𐩭𐩺𐩡 𐩥-𐩬(𐩮)[𐩧]
Murayghān 3Murayghān 3c. 552 CEMurayghān, Saudi Arabia
A royal rock inscription records Abraha’s authority over Maʿadd and other Arabian communities.
𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩱𐩨𐩧𐩠 𐩸𐩺𐩨𐩣𐩬 𐩣𐩡𐩫 𐩪𐩨𐩱 𐩥-𐩹-𐩧𐩺𐩵𐩬 𐩥-𐩢𐩳𐩧𐩣𐩩 𐩥-𐩺𐩣𐩬𐩩
Source register
RIÉ 1–443, with separately numbered text versions, supplements, and Arabian witnesses from the checked corpus and DASI. Dates and uncertain identifications follow the cited editions; missing texts, translations, and images are recorded below.
61–120 of 296 entries. Copies and language versions retain their own references.
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Saro · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾƎnzǝlāl · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia · Acquired in Aden by D.H. Müller and sent to Wien, provenance unknown. · Geʿez
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia · Provenance unknown. · Geʿez
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia
mid-fourth century CE · Site 24 B in Winkler rock Drawings from Southern Upper Egypt, vol. I 1938. in the Wadi Menih on the road to Berenice. · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
fourth century CE · Aksum, Ethiopia · Ancient Greek
fourth-century Aksumite royal inscription
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite period; absolute chronology disputed · Daqqi Maḥari, Eritrea · Ancient Greek
Aksumite; year 24 of King Sembrouthes, absolute chronology debated
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Monumentum Adulitanum; before c. 210 CE, precise authorship/date debated
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAdulis · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Meroë · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Meroë · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Provenance not resolved · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Aksum · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
around the beginning of the Aksumite period · Matara · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
around the beginning of the Aksumite period
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Adulis · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Hawelti · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Hawelti · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Yeha · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Yeha · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Yeha · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Yeha · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Yeha · Geʿez in South Arabian-derived script
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
