418 inscriptions

Inscriptions

DʿMT and Aksumite texts in their attested scripts, with published translations and exact sources.

RIÉ 189ʿEzana’s Noba campaignAksum, Ethiopia

Catalogue

418 inscriptions in chronological order

Showing 49–72

RIÉ 37

RIÉ 37Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia

RIÉ 37: altar from Yeha

DASI catalogues this royal dedicatory text - fragmentary on a altar of stone from Yeha, Ethiopia, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 199.

[... ... 𐩥](𐩲)𐩧𐩬 𐩥-𐩨𐩦𐩣𐩩 𐩠𐩢𐩵𐩪𐩥 𐩡-𐩱𐩡𐩣𐩤𐩠 ←𐩣𐩷𐩧𐩺𐩬|

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 39

RIÉ 39Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia

RIÉ 39: incense burner from Yeha

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a incense burner of stone from Yeha, Ethiopia, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 13.

(𐩡𐩢𐩺) 𐩴𐩧𐩨𐩺𐩬

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 41

RIÉ 41Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia

RIÉ 41: stone piece from Yeha

DASI catalogues this inscription on a stone piece of stone from Yeha, Ethiopia.

𐩡𐩢𐩺𐩲(𐩻)𐩩 [... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 42

RIÉ 42Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia

RIÉ 42: stone piece from Yeha

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text (conjectural) on a stone piece of stone from Yeha, Ethiopia.

|𐩢𐩺𐩥𐩣 (𐩡)𐩤[... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 46

RIÉ 46Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia

RIÉ 46: stone piece from Yeha

DASI catalogues this inscription on a stone piece of stone from Yeha, Ethiopia.

[... ...]𐩥-𐩹𐩩-𐩢𐩣𐩺𐩣 𐩹𐩩-[... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 51

RIÉ 51Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Samrē, Mekele, Ethiopia

RIÉ 51: altar from Samrē

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a altar of stone from Samrē, Ethiopia.

𐩠𐩬𐩲𐩣 𐩨𐩬 𐩤(𐩪)𐩣𐩣

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 52

RIÉ 52Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Addi Gelemo, Wuqro, Ethiopia

RIÉ 52: sculpture in the round from Addi Gelemo

DASI catalogues this inscription on a sculpture in the round of stone from Addi Gelemo, Ethiopia, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 3.

𐩡-𐩥𐩫𐩨 𐩺𐩣𐩬𐩩((𐩺𐩣𐩬𐩩))

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 53 A

RIÉ 53 AEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 53 A: altar from Addi Kerāmāten

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a altar of stone from Addi Kerāmāten, Eritrea, now recorded at Asmara, Archaeological Museum.

𐩠𐩲𐩹𐩨𐩱𐩡 𐩨𐩬 𐩱𐩡𐩣𐩩𐩲 |

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 53 B

RIÉ 53 BEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 53 B: altar from Addi Kerāmāten

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a altar of stone from Addi Kerāmāten, Eritrea, now recorded at Asmara, Archaeological Museum.

𐩠𐩤𐩬𐩺 [𐩡-]𐩹𐩩-𐩢𐩣[𐩬]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 53 C

RIÉ 53 CEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 53 C: altar from Addi Kerāmāten

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text (conjectural) on a altar of stone from Addi Kerāmāten, Eritrea, now recorded at Asmara, Archaeological Museum.

𐩥𐩧𐩲𐩬

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 54

RIÉ 54Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 54: animal figure from Addi Kerāmāten

DASI catalogues this inscription on a animal figure of stone from Addi Kerāmāten, Eritrea, now recorded at Asmara, Archaeological Museum.

𐩥𐩠𐩨𐩥(𐩵)

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 55

RIÉ 55Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Matara, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 55: altar from Matara

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text - fragmentary on a altar of stone from Matara, Eritrea, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 4698+JE 2771.

[... ... ](𐩨)𐩬 𐩩𐩨𐩲𐩫𐩧𐩨 𐩹-↯𐩢𐩵𐩤𐩬 𐩠𐩤𐩬𐩺 𐩲𐩻[𐩩𐩧 ... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 56

RIÉ 56Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Matara, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 56: incense burner from Matara

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text - fragmentary (conjectural) on a incense burner of stone from Matara, Eritrea, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 2964.

[... ... 𐩹-]𐩢𐩵𐩤𐩬 [𐩠𐩤𐩬

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 57

RIÉ 57Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Matara, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 57: altar from Matara

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text - fragmentary on a altar of stone from Matara, Eritrea, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 3983.

[... ...]𐩣 𐩨𐩬 𐩲𐩧—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 61

RIÉ 61Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Matara, Senafe area, Eritrea; excavated in Mound B room 33, not in situ

Matara altar invoking Lmn and S¹mhʿly

A fragmentary altar invokes ḏt-Bʿdn, S¹mhʿly and Lmn as lords; its Lmn connection is relevant but it does not name DʿMT.

[... ...𐩣](𐩧)[𐩱]𐩣𐩣((𐩻𐩧𐩪𐩣𐩣)) 𐩥-𐩧[..](𐩩)[... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 62

RIÉ 62Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Matara, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 62: altar (mṭry) from Matara

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a altar (mṭry) of stone from Matara, Eritrea, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 4020.

𐩡-𐩬𐩨𐩷𐩱𐩡 𐩦𐩥𐩲𐩬 𐩨—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 63 A

RIÉ 63 AEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Matara, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 63 A: incense burner (mqṭr) from Matara

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text (conjectural) on a incense burner (mqṭr) of stone from Matara, Eritrea, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 3175.

𐩣𐩤𐩷𐩧—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 63 B

RIÉ 63 BEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Matara, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 63 B: incense burner (mqṭr) from Matara

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a incense burner (mqṭr) of stone from Matara, Eritrea, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 3175.

[... ...𐩨]-𐩬𐩭 𐩡𐩣—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 70

RIÉ 70Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Dibdib, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 70: animal figure from Dibdib

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a animal figure of stone from Dibdib, Eritrea, now recorded at Asmara, Archaeological Museum.

𐩠𐩢𐩡𐩬𐩺

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 71

RIÉ 71Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Feqya, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 71: stone piece from Feqya

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a stone piece of stone from Feqya, Eritrea.

(𐩪)𐩤𐩣 𐩨𐩬 𐩨𐩲𐩡

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 72 A

RIÉ 72 AEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Feqya, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 72 A: stone piece from Feqya

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a stone piece of stone from Feqya, Eritrea.

𐩺𐩪𐩢𐩣𐩹 𐩨𐩬 𐩦𐩬𐩤𐩣𐩥

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 72 B

RIÉ 72 BEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Feqya, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 72 B: stone piece from Feqya

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text (conjectural) on a stone piece of stone from Feqya, Eritrea.

[𐩺𐩪]𐩢𐩣𐩹 𐩨𐩬 𐩦𐩬𐩤𐩣

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 73

RIÉ 73Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Feqya, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 73: stone piece from Feqya

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text - fragmentary on a stone piece of stone from Feqya, Eritrea.

𐩮𐩨𐩢𐩱𐩨 (𐩨)↯(𐩬) 𐩣𐩥𐩲[... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 76

RIÉ 76Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Feqya, Senafe, Eritrea

RIÉ 76: stone piece from Feqya

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text (conjectural) on a stone piece of stone from Feqya, Eritrea.

𐩺𐩪𐩡𐩣 𐩨𐩬 𐩪—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

Source register

RIÉ 1–443, with separately numbered text versions, supplements, and Arabian witnesses from the checked corpus and DASI. Dates and uncertain identifications follow the cited editions; missing texts, translations, and images are recorded below.

421–480 of 512 entries. Copies and language versions retain their own references.

Aksumite corpus & Arabian witnesses56

RIÉ 393
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 428
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 65, no. 46.
RIÉ 394
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 429
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 66, no. 47.
RIÉ 395
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 430
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 66, no. 48.
RIÉ 396
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 430
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 66, no. 49.
RIÉ 397
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 431
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 66, no. 50.
RIÉ 398
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 432
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 66, no. 51.
RIÉ 399
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 433
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 52.
RIÉ 401
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 433
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 53b.
RIÉ 402
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 434
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 53c.
RIÉ 404
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 435
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 54.
RIÉ 405
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 436
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 55.
RIÉ 406
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 436
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 56.
RIÉ 407
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 437
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 68, no. 57.
RIÉ 408
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 437
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 68, no. 58.
RIÉ 409
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 438
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 68, no. 59–60.
RIÉ 410
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 439
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 68, no. 59–60.
RIÉ 411
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 440
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 68, no. 61.
RIÉ 412
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 440
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 69, no. 62.
RIÉ 413
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available: upper monogram of DAE 63.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 441
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 69, no. 63.
RIÉ 414
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 441
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 69, no. 64.
RIÉ 416
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 442
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 69, no. 66.
RIÉ 417
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 443
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 70, no. 67.
RIÉ 418
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 444
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 70, no. 69.
RIÉ 419
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 444
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 70, no. 70–71–72.
RIÉ 420
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 445
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 71, no. 73.
RIÉ 421
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 446
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 71, no. 73a.
RIÉ 422
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 446
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 71, no. 74.
RIÉ 423
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 447
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 71, no. 75.
RIÉ 424
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 447
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 71, no. 76.
RIÉ 425
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 447
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 71, no. 77.
RIÉ 426
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 448
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 71, no. 78.
RIÉ 427
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 449
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 79.
RIÉ 428
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 449
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 80.
RIÉ 429
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 450
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 81.
RIÉ 430
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 450
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 82.
RIÉ 431
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 451
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 83.
RIÉ 432
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 451
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 84.
RIÉ 433
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 452
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 73, no. 87.
RIÉ 434
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 452
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 73, no. 88.
RIÉ 435
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 453
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 73, no. 90.
RIÉ 436
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 454
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 74, no. 91.
RIÉ 437
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 454
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 74, no. 92.
RIÉ 438
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 455
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 74, no. 93.
RIÉ 439
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 456
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 74, no. 94.
RIÉ 440
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 456
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 74, no. 95.
RIÉ 441
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 456
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 75, no. 97.
RIÉ 442
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 457
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 75, no. 98.
RIÉ 443
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · surroundings of ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 457
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 75, no. 99.
Ẓafār 08-077
after 525 CE · Ẓafār, Yemen · Geʿez
after the Aksumite conquest of Himyar beginning in 525 CE
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation available in reader
Image
Exact artifact photograph or published plate available in reader
- Walter W. Müller, ‘Äthiopische Inschriftenfragmente aus der himjarischen Hauptstadt Ẓafār’, Aethiopica 15 (2012), pp. 10–13, fig. 1
- Walter W. Müller, ‘Äthiopische Inschriftenfragmente aus der himjarischen Hauptstadt Ẓafār’, Aethiopica 15 (2012), pp. 7–21.
CIH 541
548 CE · Maʾrib, Yemen · Late Sabaic
Abraha’s long royal inscription records a revolt, dam repairs, a church dedication, and embassies from neighbouring powers.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- CIH 541 Sadd Maʾrib 5. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.
- Romolo Loreto, discussion of Christian architecture and inscriptions, in A. V. Sedov (ed.), Arabia and Islam (2014), pp. 134–135.
CIH 621
530 CE · Biʾr ʿAlī, Yemen · Late Sabaic
Sumyafaʿ Ashwaʿ and his sons record repairs to a fortress after returning from Ḥabašat and an Abyssinian invasion of Ḥimyar.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- CIH 621 Ry 342; RES 2633; RES 5091. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.
DAI GDN 2002-20
548 CE · Maʾrib, Yemen · Late Sabaic
Abraha records the construction, dimensions, and completion of a structure at the Great Dam of Maʾrib.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- DAI GDN 2002-20 Sadd Maʾrib 4. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.
Gr 27
Late 3rd–early 4th century CE · Bayt al-Ashwāl, Ẓafār, Yemen, Yemen · Late Sabaic
A building dedication records reconstruction after a fire attributed to Abyssinian forces.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- Gr 27. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.
Ist 7608 bis
c. 530s CE · Ḍāf, Yemen · Late Sabaic
A Christian royal fragment names Sumyafaʿ Ashwaʿ, the rulers of Aksum, and Ella Aṣbeḥa. Its relationship to Wellcome A 103664 is uncertain.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- Ist 7608 bis RES 3904. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.
Ja 547+Ja 546+Ja 544+Ja 545
558 CE · Maʾrib, Yemen · Late Sabaic
Tribal leaders commemorate work on the Maʾrib dam under Abraha. Four separately numbered portions form one inscription.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- Ja 547+Ja 546+Ja 544+Ja 545 Sadd Maʾrib 6. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.
Ja 1028
523 CE · Biʾr Ḥimā, Saudi Arabia · Late Sabaic
A commander of Yūsuf Asʾar Yathʾar records the destruction of churches and conflict with Abyssinian forces.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- Ja 1028. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.
- Romolo Loreto, discussion of Christian architecture and inscriptions, in A. V. Sedov (ed.), Arabia and Islam (2014), pp. 134–135.

Earlier, later & uncertain comparisons4

RIÉ 400
commentary includes a pre-Aksumite comparison or possible assignment · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Possibly pre-Aksumite; retained for comparison
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 433
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 53a.
RIÉ 403
commentary includes a pre-Aksumite comparison or possible assignment · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Possibly pre-Aksumite; retained for comparison
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 434
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 67, no. 53d.
RIÉ 415
commentary includes a pre-Aksumite comparison or possible assignment · ʿAddi ʿAlawti / Qohayto region · Geʿez
Possibly pre-Aksumite; retained for comparison
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact published facsimile available in the reader.
- Abraham J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), printed p. 441
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 69, no. 65.
Gar antichità 9 d
509 CE · Bayt al-Ashwāl, Ẓafār, Yemen, Yemen · Late Sabaic
A dated building inscription invokes Raḥmānān and King Marthadʾilān Yanuf; included as an Arabian chronological witness.
Original
Full surviving edited text; losses and uncertain letters retained.
English
English translation of the surviving text; credit and qualifications in the reader.
Image
Verified artifact image or labelled facsimile.
- Gar AY 9d. DASI / Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions; full text, translation, object record, and bibliography.
- George Hatke, “Aksum [and South Arabia]”, Ancient Arabia: archaeology & history of pre-islamic Arabia. Source inventory and historical context.