418 inscriptions

Inscriptions

DʿMT and Aksumite texts in their attested scripts, with published translations and exact sources.

RIÉ 189ʿEzana’s Noba campaignAksum, Ethiopia

Catalogue

418 inscriptions in chronological order

Showing 1–24

ʿAddi Baʿekel 1

ʿAddi Baʿekel 1Possibly 8th–7th century BCE; a later date cannot be excludedʿAddi Baʿekel, Daʾero area north of Feresmay, Tǝgray, Ethiopia

Fragmentary text concerning mutual aid and harvests

A dressed block probably from a public monument preserves a damaged six-line boustrophedon text in a local Semitic language close to Sabaic; the editors’ tentative interpretation mentions mutual aid and harvests, but the context is lost.

…] 𐩧𐩵𐩱𐩩 / 𐩩

Local Semitic language close to SabaicRead text

Addi Akaweh 1

Addi Akaweh 1Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCEAddi Akaweh, Ethiopia

Rdʾm and the people of DʿMT

A better-preserved parallel to RIÉ 9 confirms and refines the reading of Rdʾm’s DʿMT formula.

𐩧𐩵𐩱𐩣 𐩣𐩡𐩫←𐩬 (𐩮)𐩧𐩲𐩬 𐩪←[𐩧𐩺𐩩 ]𐩣𐩫𐩧(𐩨) 𐩵—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

Afṣe 1

Afṣe 1Early 1st millennium BCE (DʿMT-period context; no narrower date stated by Weninger)Abba Afṣe monastery exhibition room, Yeha, Tǝgray, Ethiopia

Fragmentary dedication to ʿAttar and Wadd

A heavily eroded middle fragment preserves parts of two boustrophedon lines, including a dedicatory verb and the gods ʿAttar and Wadd; the latter’s epithet is lost.

… [𐩬]𐩩𐩣 / 𐩠𐩤𐩬[𐩺 /] …

Ethio-Sabaean (Old Sabaic ductus)Read text

Afṣe 2

Afṣe 2Early 1st millennium BCE (archaic ductus; no narrower date stated by Weninger)Abba Afṣe monastery exhibition room, Yeha, Tǝgray, Ethiopia

Ṣdqn inscription on an incense burner

A roughly 56 cm-high incense burner with crescent and solar disc carries a short rightward inscription. Weninger treats Ṣdqn as a possible divine name and ḏ- as the possible opening of an epithet; the remaining signs are uninterpreted.

𐩮𐩵𐩤𐩬𐩹 …

Ethio-Sabaean (Old Sabaic ductus)Read text

Henze 1

Henze 1Early 1st millennium BCE (DʿMT-period context; no narrower date stated by Weninger)Parakleitos monastery, near the old Adigrat–Däbrä Damo road, Tǝgray, Ethiopia

Fragmentary dedication naming Almaqah and perhaps Yeha

A middle fragment of a raised-relief stone slab preserves four alternating lines of a dedication to Almaqah; Weninger tentatively reads yḥʾ as the ancient spelling of Yeha but explicitly leaves that identification uncertain.

… 𐩧 / …

Ethio-Sabaean (Old Sabaic ductus)Read text

Bronze kettle from Färäs May bearing Tubbaʿkarib’s one-line Sabaic ownership inscription

HG Färäs May 1

HG Färäs May 1 / HG Färäs May 2010About the 7th century BCE or earlier (palaeographic)Found at Guldam near Yeha; kept at Färäs May, Tǝgray, Ethiopia when published

Tubbaʿkarib’s inscribed bronze kettle

The one-line name inscription and repeated monogram mark a high-quality bronze kettle as belonging to Tubbaʿkarib of the Yasrān clan, which Nebes connects with Sabaean stonemasons from the Maʾrib region; the text contains no dedication formula.

◊ 𐩩𐩨𐩲𐩫𐩧𐩨 / 𐩹-𐩺𐩪𐩧𐩬

Ancient SabaicRead text

Image of MG 1, altar from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

MG 1

MG 1Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Wuqro, Ethiopia

MG 1: altar from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text - fragmentary (conjectural) on a altar of stone from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Ethiopia, now recorded at Wuqro, Museum.

[... ...] 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 (𐩮)[𐩧𐩲𐩬 ... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

Image of MG 2, of statue with dedicatory inscription from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

MG 2

MG 2Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Wuqro, Ethiopia

MG 2: of statue with dedicatory inscription from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

DASI catalogues this inscription on a of statue with dedicatory inscription of stone from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Ethiopia, now recorded at Wuqro, Museum.

𐩱𐩡𐩣𐩤𐩠 𐩡-𐩥𐩫𐩨

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

Stone blocks bearing the MG 3 altar dedication from Mäqabər Gaʿəwa

MG 3

MG 3Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCEMäqabər Gaʿəwa, Ethiopia

Wʿrn’s altar to Almaqah

An in-situ altar calls Wʿrn the victorious king, son of Rdʾm, and records his leadership of the temple at Yeha, but never names DʿMT.

𐩥𐩲𐩧𐩬 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩮𐩧𐩲𐩬 𐩨𐩬 𐩧𐩵𐩱𐩣 𐩥-𐩦𐩭𐩩𐩣 𐩲𐩧(𐩫)←[𐩺𐩩](𐩬) 𐩠𐩢𐩵𐩪 𐩡-𐩱𐩡𐩣↯𐩤𐩠 𐩺𐩥𐩣 𐩩𐩨𐩲𐩡 𐩨𐩺𐩩 𐩱𐩡𐩣↯𐩤𐩠 𐩨-𐩺𐩢𐩱 ←𐩨-𐩬𐩭𐩺 𐩲𐩻𐩩𐩧 𐩥-𐩱𐩡𐩣𐩤𐩠 𐩥-𐩹𐩩-𐩢𐩣𐩺𐩣 𐩥-𐩹𐩩-𐩨𐩲←𐩵𐩬|

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

Image of MG 4, stone piece from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

MG 4

MG 4Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Wuqro, Ethiopia

MG 4: stone piece from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

DASI catalogues this dedicatory text on a stone piece of stone from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Ethiopia, now recorded at Wuqro, Museum.

𐩨-𐩬𐩭𐩺 𐩥𐩲𐩧𐩬 𐩠𐩤𐩬𐩺 𐩭𐩺𐩧𐩠𐩣𐩥 𐩴𐩧𐩨𐩺𐩬|

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

Image of MG 5, altar from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

MG 5

MG 5Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Wuqro, Ethiopia

MG 5: altar from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa

DASI catalogues this inscription on a altar of stone from Mäqabər Ga‘əwa, Ethiopia, now recorded at Wuqro, Museum.

[... ...]𐩩𐩲𐩣 [... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 1

RIÉ 1Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCEAmda Tsyon, Ethiopia

Wʿrn’s temple restoration

A royal temple-restoration slab naming Wʿrn Ḥywt and a female dynastic figure, but not DʿMT itself.

𐩥𐩲𐩧𐩬 𐩢𐩺𐩥𐩩 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩮𐩧𐩲𐩬 𐩨𐩬 𐩨𐩬

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 2

RIÉ 2Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCEAbba Pantaleon, Aksum

The kingship of DʿMT

A two-line royal fragment preserves the formula ‘became king of DʿMT, its east and west’ and the deity ḏt-Bʿdn.

[... ...]𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩥 𐩵𐩲𐩣𐩩 𐩣𐩦𐩧𐩤[-𐩠𐩺 𐩥-𐩣𐩲𐩧𐩨-𐩠𐩺 ... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 3

RIÉ 3Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; fragment now at Aksum

Altar fragment naming a mukarrib of DʿMT

A very short altar fragment preserves the title mukarrib of DʿMT; Schneider tentatively linked it to RIÉ 19.

[... ... 𐩣𐩫]𐩧(𐩨) 𐩵𐩲𐩣𐩩 𐩨𐩬 𐩨𐩬[... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 4

RIÉ 4Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Enda Tcherqos, Aksum, Ethiopia

RIÉ 4: stone piece from Enda Tcherqos

DASI catalogues this royal inscription on a stone piece of stone from Enda Tcherqos, Ethiopia, now recorded at Addis Abeba, National Archaeological Museum, JE 1873.

[... ... 𐩨𐩬 𐩨𐩬 𐩪𐩡𐩣𐩣]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 5 A

RIÉ 5 AEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; reused in church wall

Lmn restores a cult chapel

A construction fragment names Lmn as victorious king of Ygʿḏ and mukarrib of DʿMT and Sabaʾ; DASI cautions against automatically joining it to RIÉ 5B.

𐩡𐩣𐩬 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩮𐩧𐩲𐩬 𐩺𐩴𐩲𐩹𐩺𐩬 𐩣𐩫𐩧𐩨 𐩵𐩲𐩣𐩩 𐩥-𐩪𐩨𐩱 𐩨𐩬 𐩧𐩨—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 5 B

RIÉ 5 BEarly 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; reused in church wall

Separate Enda Tcherqos block with restored DʿMT

DASI calls the text conjectural and notes palaeographic difficulty in treating 5A and 5B as one inscription; the initial Dʿ of DʿMT is restored, so this is not an independent direct attestation.

[... ... 𐩵𐩲]𐩣𐩩 𐩣𐩦𐩧𐩤-𐩠𐩺 𐩥-𐩣𐩲𐩧𐩨-𐩠𐩺 𐩱𐩵𐩣-𐩠𐩺 𐩥-𐩮𐩡𐩣-𐩠𐩺 𐩨-𐩬—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 6

RIÉ 6Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia

RIÉ 6: stone piece from Hawlti

DASI catalogues this royal inscription on a stone piece of stone from Hawlti, Ethiopia.

[... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 7

RIÉ 7Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia; altar now in the National Archaeological Museum, Addis Ababa

Yeha altar fragment of Wʿrn Ḥywt

A fragmentary royal altar text, partly restored from RIÉ 1, associates Wʿrn Ḥywt with Yeha but does not name DʿMT.

[... ... 𐩥𐩲𐩧𐩬] 𐩢𐩺[𐩥𐩩] ←[𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩮𐩧𐩲𐩬 ]𐩨𐩬 𐩨[𐩬 ] ←[𐩪𐩡](𐩣𐩣) 𐩰𐩷𐩧𐩬 (𐩥)-[𐩪𐩣𐩲𐩩𐩣 ]𐩲—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 8

RIÉ 8Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCEAddi Gelemo, Ethiopia

Rbḥ’s incense burner

The damaged incense burner names Rbḥ as victorious king of Ygʿḏ and mukarrib of DʿMT and Sabaʾ, then invokes his household and fields.

[... ... 𐩧𐩨](𐩢) 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩮𐩧𐩲𐩬 𐩺𐩴←𐩲𐩹𐩺𐩬 𐩣𐩫𐩧𐩨 𐩵𐩲𐩣𐩩

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 9

RIÉ 9Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)ʿAddi ʾAkawǝḥ, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; preserved at Abba Garima church

Rdʾm’s Addi Akaweh incense burner

A royal incense burner defines Rdʾm’s DʿMT in territorial and social formulae—east/west, Sabaeans/settlers, Red/Black—and names its protective gods.

𐩧𐩵𐩱𐩣[ 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩮]←𐩧𐩲𐩬 𐩪𐩧𐩺𐩩 𐩣←[𐩫𐩧𐩨 ]𐩵𐩲𐩣𐩩 𐩨𐩬

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 10

RIÉ 10Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)ʿAddi ʾAkawǝḥ, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; preserved at Abba Garima church

Lmn dedicates an incense burner to S²mn

A fifteen-line boustrophedon dedication names Lmn, son of Rbḥ, and gives the fullest surviving DʿMT kingship formula.

[𐩡𐩣𐩬 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬 𐩮]—

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 11

RIÉ 11Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCEKaskase, Eritrea

Wʿrn’s Kaskase column

A terse two-line column inscription names Wʿrn Ḥywt and his descent from S¹lmm, without naming DʿMT.

𐩥𐩲𐩧𐩬 𐩢𐩺𐩥𐩩 𐩣𐩡𐩫𐩬|

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

RIÉ 12

RIÉ 12Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A)Kaskase/Keskese, Senafe area, Eritrea; in-situ architectural column

Kaskase column fragment naming Rdʾm

A single damaged line preserves the royal name Rdʾm and title ‘king’, but no DʿMT title survives.

𐩧𐩵𐩱𐩣 𐩣𐩡[𐩫𐩬 ... ...]

Ethiopian Early SabaicRead text

Source register

RIÉ 1–443, with separately numbered text versions, supplements, and Arabian witnesses from the checked corpus and DASI. Dates and uncertain identifications follow the cited editions; missing texts, translations, and images are recorded below.

241–300 of 512 entries. Copies and language versions retain their own references.

Aksumite corpus & Arabian witnesses59

RIÉ 214
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Abba Liqanos · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 23, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 214, pp. 310.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 53, no. 23.
RIÉ 215
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Abba Mäṭaʿ · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 215, pp. 311.
RIÉ 216
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Yǝḥa · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 216, pp. 311.
RIÉ 217
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAmbā ʾAddi Māqdās · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 217, pp. 311–312.
RIÉ 218
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAnza · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 218, pp. 312.
RIÉ 219
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Nāzret Māryām · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 219, pp. 315.
RIÉ 220
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Gundǝfru Śǝllase · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 220, pp. 316.
RIÉ 221
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · May Mbio · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 221, pp. 317.
RIÉ 222
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Dǝḵana · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 222, pp. 317.
RIÉ 223
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Maṭarā · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription available in reader
English
English translation available in reader
Image
Exact artifact photograph or published plate available in reader
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 318-319; RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 318—319; RIÉ II, plates (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), plate 159—160; RIÉ III.B (Drewes 2019), page 318—322
RIÉ 224
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Maṭarā · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 224, pp. 322.
RIÉ 225
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Maṭarā · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 225, pp. 323.
RIÉ 226
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Maṭarā · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 226, pp. 323.
RIÉ 227
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Maṭarā · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 227, pp. 323.
RIÉ 228
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Edit · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 228, pp. 324.
RIÉ 229
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Edit · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 229, pp. 324–325.
RIÉ 230
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Edit · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 230, pp. 325–326.
RIÉ 231
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Edit · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 231, pp. 326.
RIÉ 233
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Dabra Dāmmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 233, pp. 334.
RIÉ 234
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Dǝrʿā Qoḥayto · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 234, pp. 334.
RIÉ 235
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Laʿlay ʿAddi · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 235, pp. 334–335.
RIÉ 236
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Laʿlay ʿAddi · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 236, pp. 335.
RIÉ 237
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 237, pp. 335.
RIÉ 238
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 238, pp. 336.
RIÉ 239
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 239, pp. 336–340.
RIÉ 240
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 240, pp. 340–341.
RIÉ 241
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 241, pp. 341–343.
RIÉ 242
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 242, pp. 343–344.
RIÉ 243
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 243, pp. 344–345.
RIÉ 244
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 244, pp. 345.
RIÉ 245
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 245, pp. 345–346.
RIÉ 246
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 246, pp. 346.
RIÉ 247
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 247, pp. 347.
RIÉ 248
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 248, pp. 347–349.
RIÉ 249
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daqanāmo · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 249, pp. 349.
RIÉ 250
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Saro · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 250, pp. 349–350.
RIÉ 251
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Saro · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 251, pp. 351.
RIÉ 252
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Daʿru · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 252, pp. 351.
RIÉ 253
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 41, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 253, pp. 351.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 65, no. 41.
RIÉ 254
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 63, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 254, pp. 351–353.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 69, no. 63.
RIÉ 255
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 68, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 255, pp. 353.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 70, no. 68.
RIÉ 256
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 85, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 256, pp. 353–354.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 85.
RIÉ 257
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 86, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 257, pp. 354.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 72, no. 86.
RIÉ 258
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 89, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 258, pp. 355.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 73, no. 89.
RIÉ 259
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 96, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 259, pp. 355.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 74, no. 96.
RIÉ 260
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʿAddi Alawti · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Exact facsimile from Littmann, DAE IV (1913), no. 100, available in the reader.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 260, pp. 356.
- Enno Littmann, Deutsche Aksum-Expedition IV (1913), p. 75, no. 100.
RIÉ 261
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾƎnzǝlāl · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 261, pp. 356.
RIÉ 262
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Cullite · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 262, pp. 356.
RIÉ 263
sixth century CE · Ẓafār, Yemen · Geʿez
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation available in reader
Image
Exact artifact photograph or published plate available in reader
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 350-351; RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 350—351; RIÉ II, plates (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), plate 175; RIÉ III.B (Drewes 2019), page 357—358
- Walter W. Müller, ‘Äthiopische Inschriftenfragmente aus der himjarischen Hauptstadt Ẓafār’, Aethiopica 15 (2012), pp. 7–21.
RIÉ 264
sixth century CE · Ẓafār, Yemen · Geʿez
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia
Original
Native-script transcription not available here; transliterated reading supplied
English
English translation available in reader
Image
Exact artifact photograph or published plate available in reader
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 351; RIÉ III.B (Drewes 2019), page 358—359
- Walter W. Müller, ‘Äthiopische Inschriftenfragmente aus der himjarischen Hauptstadt Ẓafār’, Aethiopica 15 (2012), pp. 7–21.
RIÉ 265
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia · Acquired in Aden by D.H. Müller and sent to Wien, provenance unknown. · Geʿez
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 265, pp. 359–360.
RIÉ 266
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia · Provenance unknown. · Geʿez
sixth-century Aksumite presence in South Arabia
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 266, pp. 360.
RIÉ 267
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · Meroë · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 267, pp. 360–361.
RIÉ 268
mid-fourth century CE · Site 24 B in Winkler rock Drawings from Southern Upper Egypt, vol. I 1938. in the Wadi Menih on the road to Berenice. · Geʿez
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
English translation or lexical gloss available in reader
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 268, pp. 361–363.
RIÉ 269
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 362-363; RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 362—363; RIÉ II, plates (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), plate 178; RIÉ III.A, Greek texts (Bernand 2000), page 3—4
RIÉ 271 and 190
fourth century CE · Aksum, Ethiopia · Ancient Greek
fourth-century Aksumite royal inscription
Original
Native-script transcription available in reader
English
English translation available in reader
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 286-271, page 370-372; RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 268—271, page 370—372; RIÉ II, plates (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), plate 124—128, plate 181; RIÉ III.A, Greek texts (Bernand 2000), page 15—21; RIÉ III.B (Drewes 2019), page 242—248
RIÉ 272
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 372-373; RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 372—373; RIÉ III.A, Greek texts (Bernand 2000), page 21—22
RIÉ 273
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 373; RIÉ III.A, Greek texts (Bernand 2000), page 22
RIÉ 274
Aksumite corpus; date uncertain · ʾAksum · Ancient Greek
Aksumite corpus; individual date uncertain
Original
Native-script transcription not yet available
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
No exact artifact image available here
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 374; RIÉ III.A, Greek texts (Bernand 2000), page 22

Earlier, later & uncertain comparisons1

RIÉ 232
873 CE · Ham; reused in a church wall · Geʿez
23 December 873 CE
Original
Edition text not transcribed here; published RIÉ or DAE plate cited
English
No secure translation in the checked source, or translation not yet available here
Image
Published plate cited; image not yet available here
- RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 324; RIÉ I (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), page 323—324; RIÉ II, plates (Bernand, Drewes and Schneider 1991), plate 165; RIÉ III.B (Drewes 2019), page 326—333

Catalogue

RIÉ 216

RIÉ 220

RIÉ 227

RIÉ 231

RIÉ 236

RIÉ 237

RIÉ 239

RIÉ 251

RIÉ 261

RIÉ 269

RIÉ 272

RIÉ 273

RIÉ 274

RIÉ 232