418 inscriptions

Inscriptions

DʿMT and Aksumite texts in their attested scripts, with published translations and exact sources.

RIÉ 189ʿEzana’s Noba campaignAksum, Ethiopia

Catalogue

418 inscriptions in chronological order

Showing 217–240

Facsimile of RIÉ 198, published as DAE 17.

RIÉ 198 · DAE 17 · Facsimile

RIÉ 198Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 198 bassin

This bassin from ʾAksum preserves complete published translation of three inscription units.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

Artifact drawing of RIÉ 199, published as DAE 18.

RIÉ 199 · DAE 18 · Artifact drawing

RIÉ 199Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 199 bassin

This bassin from ʾAksum preserves complete published translation.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

Photograph of RIÉ 200, published as DAE 15.

RIÉ 200 · DAE 15 · Photograph

RIÉ 200Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 200 block

This block from ʾAksum preserves complete published translation.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 201, published as DAE 16.

RIÉ 201 · DAE 16 · Facsimile

RIÉ 201Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 201 stone inscription

This pierre from ʾAksum preserves complete published translation.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 203, published as DAE 20.

RIÉ 203 · DAE 20 · Facsimile

RIÉ 203Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 203 stone inscription

This pierre from ʾAksum preserves complete tentative ownership or maker’s formula. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

z-Walbanā / z-Walobanā (?)

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 204, published as DAE 21.

RIÉ 204 · DAE 21 · Facsimile

RIÉ 204Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 204 stone inscription

This pierre from ʾAksum preserves partial published translation of a broken two-line text. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 205, published as DAE 22.

RIÉ 205 · DAE 22 · Facsimile

RIÉ 205Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 205 stone inscription

This plaque from ʾAksum preserves complete published translation of two lines.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 206

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 206Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 206 fragment

This fragment from ʾAksum preserves alternative interpretations of a two-line fragment. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

ʾana […] / gb[…]

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 208

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 208Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 208 building-stone marks

This bloc from ʾAksum preserves single mason’s mark.

s-shaped mark

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 209, published as DAE 25 A.

RIÉ 209 · DAE 25 A · Facsimile

RIÉ 209Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 209 mur

This mur from ʾAksum preserves possible inscription fragment or mason’s mark. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

w / ḥ / r (?)

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 210, published as DAE 25 B.

RIÉ 210 · DAE 25 B · Facsimile

RIÉ 210Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

Inscribed mark from ʾAksum

Drewes rejects the proposed South Arabian reading and identifies the signs as probable mason’s marks.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 211, published as DAE 25 C.

RIÉ 211 · DAE 25 C · Facsimile

RIÉ 211Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 211 building-stone marks

This bloc from ʾAksum preserves single mason’s mark.

ʿ-shaped mark

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 212

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 212Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAksum

RIÉ 212 building-stone marks

This bloc from ʾAksum preserves selected interpreted marks from a composite catalogue of sixty-four inscribed building stones. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

Stone 28: z-MʿR Stone 38: z-[personal name?] Stone 49: ŚRB Stone 54: z-[…]

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 213

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 213Aksumite corpus; date uncertainMeʾelan Debbas

RIÉ 213 building-stone marks

This bloc from Meʾelan Debbas preserves complete three-line text with one conjectural noun.

z-qśw z-[m]qbr z-HMN

GeʿezRead text

Facsimile of RIÉ 214, published as DAE 23.

RIÉ 214 · DAE 23 · Facsimile

RIÉ 214Aksumite corpus; date uncertainAbba Liqanos

RIÉ 214 stone inscription

This pierre from Abba Liqanos preserves tentative interpretation of a two-line fragment. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

ʾana [name lost] / gb[rku] (?)

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 215

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 215Aksumite corpus; date uncertainAbba Mäṭaʿ

RIÉ 215 basin

This basin from Abba Mäṭaʿ preserves complete short text with alternative grammatical analyses. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

z-lwd

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 217

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 217Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʾAmbā ʾAddi Māqdās

RIÉ 217 building-stone marks

This bloc from ʾAmbā ʾAddi Māqdās preserves complete published translation.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 218

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 218Aksumite corpus; date uncertainʿAnza

RIÉ 218 stele

This stele from ʿAnza preserves complete published translation of eight lines.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 219

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 219Aksumite corpus; date uncertainNāzret Māryām

RIÉ 219 basin

This basin from Nāzret Māryām preserves complete published translation across four faces, with a lost sculptor’s name.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 221

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 221Aksumite corpus; date uncertainMay Mbio

RIÉ 221 roc

This roc from May Mbio preserves complete short graffito with alternative readings. The reading or interpretation remains uncertain.

z-lbby / z-lbbʿ

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 222

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 222Aksumite corpus; date uncertainDǝḵana

RIÉ 222 building-stone marks

This bloc from Dǝḵana preserves complete published translation of two lines.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 224

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 224Aksumite corpus; date uncertainMaṭarā

RIÉ 224 stone inscription

This pierre from Maṭarā preserves ownership or workman’s formula.

zwd

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 225

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 225Aksumite corpus; date uncertainMaṭarā

RIÉ 225 stone inscription

This pierre from Maṭarā preserves line 1 only.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

RIÉ 226

No verified photograph or facsimile is available here. The cited edition identifies the object.

RIÉ 226Aksumite corpus; date uncertainMaṭarā

RIÉ 226 stone inscription

This pierre from Maṭarā preserves published interpretation of the single word.

Native-script transcription is not available here.

GeʿezRead text

Source register

RIÉ 1–443, with separately numbered text versions, supplements, and Arabian witnesses from the checked corpus and DASI. Dates and uncertain identifications follow the cited editions; missing texts, translations, and images are recorded below.

1–60 of 512 entries. Copies and language versions retain their own references.

DʿMT & early highlands60

RIÉ 1
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Amda Tsyon (Seglamen/Aksum area), Ethiopia; loose farmer-found slab now at Aksum · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8043.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 1’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 2
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Abba Pantaleon monastery, Aksum, Ethiopia; reused in church façade, original provenance unknown · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8044.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 2’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 3
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; fragment now at Aksum · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8102.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 3’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 4
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8045.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 4’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 5 A
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; reused in church wall · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8354.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 5 A’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 5 B
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum/Melazo area, Ethiopia; reused in church wall · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The name DʿMT is restored by the editor; it is not independently preserved.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8359.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 5 B’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 6
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8046.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 6’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 7
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia; altar now in the National Archaeological Museum, Addis Ababa · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8242.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 7’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 8
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Gelemo, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; portable object from a mixed cache · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8324.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 8’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 9
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · ʿAddi ʾAkawǝḥ, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; preserved at Abba Garima church · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8195.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 9’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 10
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · ʿAddi ʾAkawǝḥ, Wuqro area, Ethiopia; preserved at Abba Garima church · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
The surviving royal title explicitly names DʿMT.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 4 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8355.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 10’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 11
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Kaskase/Keskese, Senafe area, Eritrea; in-situ architectural column · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8320.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 11’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 12
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Kaskase/Keskese, Senafe area, Eritrea; in-situ architectural column · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Royal name; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8246.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 12’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 13
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Unknown (Ethiopia), Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8337.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 13’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 14
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8382.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 14’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 15
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8047.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 15’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 16
Pre-Aksumite; absolute date not supplied by DASI · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
No continuous semantic translation is possible from the surviving fragment; the reader explains the limit.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8048.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 16’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 17
Pre-Aksumite; absolute date not supplied by DASI · Hawlti, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
No continuous semantic translation is possible from the surviving fragment; the reader explains the limit.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8049.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 17’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 18
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8360.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 18’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 19
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Enda Tcherqos, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8377.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 19’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 20
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8505.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 20’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 21
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
No continuous semantic translation is possible from the surviving fragment; the reader explains the limit.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8506.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 21’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 22
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8501.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 22’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 23
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8508.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 23’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 24
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8515.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 24’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 25
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8362.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 25’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 26
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8502.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 26’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 27
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8503.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 27’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 28
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8539.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 28’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 29
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8540.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 29’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 30
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8542.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 30’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 31
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Gobochela, Aksum, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8544.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 31’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 32
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Gobochela · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uninterpreted inscription on a bull. The edition cannot establish the relationships between the words. A possible divine name on the foreleg does not yield a continuous translation.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 32: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 32, pp. 63.
RIÉ 33 A
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9078.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 33 A’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 33 B
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9079.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 33 B’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 34
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8551.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 34’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 35
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8554.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 35’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 36
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9099.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 36’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.
RIÉ 37
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland royal inscription; DʿMT is not named in the surviving text.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8556.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 37’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 38
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Surviving fragment, partly interpreted. The beginning is lost. The readings and meanings of the intervening words are uncertain; the final protective formula is translated by the edition.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
English rendering of the published translation or lexical commentary.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 38: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 38, pp. 72–73.
RIÉ 39
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8550.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 39’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 40
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uncertain fragment. The once-proposed reading “his house AUM” relies on a disputed restoration. The edition favours bwm over ʾwm and does not establish a continuous translation.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 40: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 40, pp. 74–77.
RIÉ 41
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8978.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 41’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 42
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8979.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 42’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 43
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Possible monogram. Several personal-name readings have been proposed, including BKM, BKLM and KLBM. The copy does not establish a unique reading.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 43: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 43, pp. 78–79.
RIÉ 44
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uninterpreted inscription. The edition offers no interpretation.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 44: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 44, pp. 79.
RIÉ 45
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Possible mason’s mark. The edition tentatively identifies a mason’s mark; no linguistic translation is given.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 45: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 45, pp. 79.
RIÉ 46
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Yeha, Tigray, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8720.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 46’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 47
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Surviving text, partly interpreted. mṭry designates the altar but its precise meaning is uncertain. The final sequence ws nsb tyw remains uninterpreted; “projection” describes the stone surface.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
English rendering of the published translation or lexical commentary.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 47: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 47, pp. 80–81.
RIÉ 48
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Uninterpreted incense-burner inscription. The edition rejects the older translation “altar for bloody sacrifices to Sīn”; both reading and interpretation remain uncertain.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 48: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 48, pp. 81.
RIÉ 49
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Probable mason’s mark. No linguistic translation is given.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 49: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 49, pp. 82.
RIÉ 50
Pre-Aksumite period; precise date uncertain · Yeha · Early highland inscription; Old South Arabian alphabet
Probable mason’s mark. No linguistic translation is given.
Original
Full native-script edition not retrieved.
English
The published commentary offers no secure translation.
Image
No verified artifact image retrieved for this entry.
- Beta maṣāḥǝft, RIÉ 50: object record and edition references.
- A. J. Drewes, RIÉ III.B (2019), no. 50, pp. 82.
RIÉ 51
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Samrē, Mekele, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9237.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 51’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.
RIÉ 52
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Gelemo, Wuqro, Ethiopia · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9211.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 52’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.
RIÉ 53 A
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9240.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 53 A’, DASI, first published 2013-10-01.
RIÉ 53 B
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 3 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9241.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 53 B’, DASI, first published 2013-10-01.
RIÉ 53 C
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9242.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 53 C’, DASI, first published 2015-05-03.
RIÉ 54
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Addi Kerāmāten, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 2 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9243.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 54’, DASI, first published 2015-07-12.
RIÉ 55
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Matara, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
DASI/CSAI English translation available in the reader.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 8964.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 55’, DASI, first published 2015-01-05.
RIÉ 56
Early 1st millennium–5th/4th c. BCE (DASI Period A) · Matara, Senafe, Eritrea · Early Sabaic (Ethiopia/Eritrea)
Early highland dedication, private inscription, or fragment.
Original
DASI transliteration and normalized Old South Arabian Unicode are available in the reader; surviving lineation retained.
English
Fresh literal English rendering of the surviving text is available; DASI supplies no English translation.
Image
Exact record media available: 1 linked DASI image(s), all visually checked; the reader uses image record 9246.
- Giulia Buono (ed.), ‘RIÉ 56’, DASI, first published 2015-02-06.

Catalogue

RIÉ 32

RIÉ 40

RIÉ 43

RIÉ 44

RIÉ 45

RIÉ 48

RIÉ 49

RIÉ 50